A bearing that works under sliding friction.The sliding bearing works smoothly, reliably and noiseless.Under the condition of liquid lubrication, the sliding surface is separated by lubricating oil without direct contact, which can greatly reduce the friction loss and surface wear, and the oil film also has certain vibration absorption ability.But the starting friction resistance is larger.The part of the shaft supported by the bearing is called the journal, and the parts that match the journal are called the bearing bush.In order to improve the friction properties of the bearing bush surface, the friction reducing material layer cast on its inner surface is called bearing lining.Bearing bush and bearing lining materials are collectively referred to as sliding bearing materials.The commonly used sliding bearing materials are bearing alloys (also known as babbitts or white alloys), wear-resistant cast iron, copper - and aluminum-based alloys, powder metallurgy materials, plastics, rubber, hardwood and carbon-graphite, PTFE, modified polyformaldehyde (POM), etc.The application of sliding bearing is generally under the condition of low speed and heavy load, or it is difficult to maintain and lubricate the operating parts.
A precision mechanical element called rollingbearing which changes the sliding friction between the running shaft and its base into rolling friction, thus reducing the loss of friction.Rolling bearings generally consist of outer ring, inner ring, rolling body and cage.Is the role of the inner ring and shaft match with the shaft rotation, outer ring is used to match the bearing seat, a support role, rolling body is with the aid of maintains a uniform distribution of the rolling element between inner ring and outer ring, its shape size and quantity directly influence the using performance and life of rolling bearings, maintain uniform distribution can make the roller, prevent fall off, roller guide roller rotation lubrication.
Rolling bearing is easy to use and maintain, reliable, good starting performance and high bearing capacity at medium speed.Compared with sliding bearings, rolling bearings have large radial size, poor vibration absorption ability, low life at high speed, and large sound.Radial bearing in rolling bearing (mainly bearing radial force) usually consists of four parts: inner ring, outer ring, rolling body and rolling body cage.The inner ring is tightened on the shaft neck and rotated with the shaft, and the outer ring is installed in the bearing seat hole.Raceways are provided on the outer circumference of the inner ring and the inner circumference of the outer ring.When the inner and outer rings rotate relative to each other, the rolling bodies, namely the raceways of the inner and outer rings, are separated by retainers to avoid friction.Thrust bearing is divided into two parts, the tight ring and the live ring.The tight ring is tight with the shaft sleeve, and the live ring is supported on the bearing seat.The ring and rolling body are usually made of rolling bearing steel with high strength and good wear resistance, and the surface hardness after quenching should reach HRC60 ~ 65.Cage is made of soft steel stamping, or can be made of copper alloy laminated bakelite or plastic.
The difference between the rolling bearing and the sliding bearing is firstly reflected in the structure. The rolling bearing supports the rotating shaft by the rotation of the rolling body. Therefore, the contact point is a point.Sliding bearings rely on a smooth surface to support the rotating shaft, so the contact is a surface.Secondly, the movement mode is different, the rolling bearing movement mode is rolling;Sliding bearings move by sliding, so the friction situation is completely different.
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