Bearing key technology

Bearing Test Procedure currently. There are four: First, the friction and wear tests, two test bench, three laboratories (Proving Ground) simulation test 4, the actual running test conditions. Abroad the several test methods are used, but the purpose of the application is not the same, for example, developing a new product, the first to be done friction and wear testing. But if the form of friction and wear without much change, only the dimensions, Loaded conditions change, you only need to do the bench, can be simulated or actual running test. Abroad for some key parts of new products (such as wheel bearings, etc.) very strict assessment, required by the actual running test approved for supporting the use of talent.

Swedish SKF Japan NTN Bearing recent simulation technology, can only substitute bench, simulation or experiment, to shorten product design time and accelerate the progress of product development, but also from the actual operation of the gap. State industry has now bearing friction and wear tests carried out only a Luoyang Bearing Research Institute; bench test has been carried out bearing of Luoyang Bearing Research Institute, Shanghai Institute axis, Hangzhou Bearing Test Center and Wafangdian, Harbin has 20 Yu Jiaguo bearing business; expand simulations are Luoyang bearing Research Institute, Hangzhou bearing test Center and the Los axis, Xiang-axis and other enterprises. But to actually be tested only in supporting host companies bearing the company raised only be requested when this regard, such as railway passenger car wheel bearings and wheel bearings. In short, the domestic in conducting simulation and actual operation test is not widespread, should be further expanded host range or actual operating range for the simulation test early on the agenda for adequate hardware and software ready.
The main contents and objectives:

Must first of some representative types of typical products or simulation test bench in order to perform simulation. Identify the function of life and bearer between the conditions, and then use this relationship, bearing design and experimental work carried out by the computer, which is usually only test for those crucial products was conducted. According to China's existing capacity over the next decade the main objective is to railway vehicles bearing, automotive wheel bearing and high speed grinding machine spindle bearing test Simulation, Simulation and gradually have a certain test conditions. Summarized as follows:

First, the lubrication technology:

Outline:

Different grease (oil) and lubrication of rolling bearings in motion due to the constant wear and tear resistance of the bearing failure. Reducing bearing friction and wear different effects. Therefore, lubrication technology has become an important component of the local bearing technology research. Someone grease (oil) referred to as "the fifth part of the bearing" the other for the inner ring, outer ring, rolling body, adhere to frame)

So that the bearing of least resistance, obstruction Rolling resistance to rotation by the rolling friction, sliding friction and friction lubricant composition. When the rolling body raceway occurs when rolling friction; presented adhering to sliding friction rolling rack guide surface of the body, adhere to frame the face and rib-guided roller bearing roller end and the ring wall. Lubricant by friction at the contact of internal lubricant friction and lubricant mixing and extrusion of the composition. Friction bearings, namely a total rolling friction, sliding friction and lubricant friction sum is the impedance of the resistance movement of the bearing. Lubrication technology research task is the development of different grease (oil) and lubrication. The longest life expectancy.

Domestic and international trends:

To common conditions of the bearing grease (oil) and production technology has been completely cross the border, the advanced industrial countries. It has formed a series of varieties and production capacity, improve the current major trend is to study some special cases the performance of grease, such as working on improving aerospace vacuum stability perfluorinated ether grease, viscosity-temperature creep resistance and shift performance; and such as low fat, although better results in the application, but its lubrication mechanism failed to have a good theoretical discourse. Again, research in high temperature (200-4000C research under a gaseous lubricant country's current research tasks Bearing Lubrication extremely heavy, if funds permit, we should focus on solving the following problems: First, enhance existing sealed bearing lubrication grease life in normal temperature environments; second, to improve low-noise bearing grease vibration performance; Third, the research and development of new varieties of rare conditions bearing grease, fill the gaps.

The main contents and objectives:

The next decade grease content and the objective is to study ways to improve the life of grease, bearing grease according to our differences and abroad. With sealed bearings for household appliances (such as washing machines, vacuum cleaners, computers, air conditioners, etc.) and are difficult to repair or assembly of running accuracy constitute damage parts of the seal bearing (precision machine tool spindles, precision instrument shaft, deep-water operations mechanical transmission, etc.) to make it the grease life is equivalent to the mechanical life; research grease noise reduction, the low-noise bearing (v3 / z3 v4 / z4, etc.) to obtain the noise reduction value 3-5dB above; research and development of new varieties of grease 15-20, China has basically formed the pattern of bearing grease series. Wherein the high temperature, room temperature, low temperature of about 8-10 species, generally moderate or high levels of motor bearing grease 5-8 varieties and aerospace navigation and other special conditions bearing grease 5-8 varieties.

Second, the sealing technology:

Outline:

Both end surfaces are equipped with respective sealing means. Its role is to maintain the interior of the bearing grease (oil) does not use the loss of newly developed rolling bearings. Keep the bearings in lubrication state; on the other hand is to maintain the bearing, the dust or harmful gases in the outside world does not enter the bearing cavity, so as to avoid bearing damage. Rare rubber or plastic seals, there are plates punched seals (or dust cover) seal structure varied, the sealing effect is not the same. The gap between the seal and the bearing of said non-contact seal, the smaller the gap, sealing the better, but allow the smaller shaft speed area; no gap between the ring and said bearing contact seals, seal contacts the greater the contact area of the lip, sealing the better, but the smaller the permitted speed of the shaft. Sealing technology is mainly used in research and development under different conditions of the respective sealing device, and the seal material and grease corresponding communion and so on.

Domestic and international trends:

Depth research, several major Japanese bearing company (Seiko, Japan, etc.) represents the direction of the bearing seal technology development. Development of sealing technology development and technical history of the earlier bearing device. Currently sealing technology is more mature. Multi-lip seal lip from a single development, from contact seals developed a non-contact seal, etc; From the product type, ball bearings, roller bearings are. States followed the international trend, but also has developed a ring of deep groove ball bearings, water pump bearings, railways (tapered roller) bearings, needle roller bearings and cylindrical roller bearings bearing several categories, including deep groove ball bearing production the largest, most widespread application.

According to the National Bureau of Technical Supervision recently sealed bearings on the quality of the test results, the national seal bearing structure design of large, poor sealing effect, drain fat phenomenon is more serious, strong user response. After analysis, the main reason is that the country's current seal design structure is irrational, with no inner seal groove, coupled with the manufacturing precision is not high. Therefore, the bearing seal technology trend of the future development of the country is based on deep groove ball bearings as the representative to carry out sealing technology trial to find the best structure and the best ring seal gap; sealing materials research carried out, looking for wear-resistant, anti-aging, high temperature and corrosion-resistant materials, to improve the contact seal life, developed high temperature seals or work under hazardous atmospheric conditions lay the technical foundation.

The main contents and objectives:

The main content of the future first is to strengthen research trials, the current poor quality of sealed bearings according to the status quo. Selected deep groove ball bearing seal structure and the development of corresponding bearing inner ring seal groove structure, conduct current deep groove bearings need replacement seal structure, strive to make these bearings sealing performance to catch up with the international 1990s, in 2005 at the end of the advanced level of similar products; followed with the development of China's car industry, the development of a high temperature suitable for long-term work at high temperatures 120-1800C sealed bearings; third is represented by the development of railway vehicles bearing tapered, cylindrical roller bearings with seal the new structure.

Third, the noise reduction technology:

Outline:

An important indicator of the need to control the bearing industry, bearing noise is an important source of pollution of the environment. Especially for home appliances, office machinery, instruments more prominent bearing noise limits. Over the past years, the country bearing industry in reducing bearing noise has done a lot of work, bearing noise level has greatly improved, but compared with other countries, there are still some differences, users reflect the prominent abnormal sound "problem, that is, bearing operation appears an irregular sudden sound, and even screams bearing noise factors are many and complex and require from the overall design of the bearing, each bearing a part - inner, outer, adhere to frame, Research is also needed from each of the bearing parts used data to analyze research equipment, technology and information processing technology and the engineering process used in the rolling elements and lubricating oil (grease) to analyze. this is the basic technology involved bearing noise content.

Development trends at home and abroad:

Namely "mute" bearing development, the development of technology are endless despite advanced bearing company (NSK SKF etc.) bearing noise level has been very high but still propose further development. State bearing product development in the next decade noise technology trend is abnormal sound solve one bearing "two is to lower the vibration level to a new level, that is, to catch up with the level of the late 1990s, the advanced industrial countries bearing the 20th Century.